PESHAWAR - While smoking is harmful to both men and women, its adverse effects are more pronounced in women, warns Dr. Shumaila Javed, a pulmonologist associated with the Department of Pulmonology at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. She explains that smoking can be particularly dangerous for women due to various factors, especially during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Dr. Shumaila elaborates, "If a woman smokes during pregnancy, it can lead to complications for both the mother and the child at birth. Post-birth, if the mother continues to smoke, it can reduce her milk supply, and the high nicotine content can disrupt the baby's sleep, leading to weaker growth. Children can also be directly affected by second-hand smoke, which can harm their lungs and cause respiratory issues and other diseases."
She further highlights that women are more susceptible to heart diseases caused by smoking compared to men. "Smoking damages the lungs, leading to blocked arteries and reduced oxygen flow to the heart. Studies suggest that smoking increases the risk of heart attacks in women by more than 20%," says Dr. Shumaila.
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Women who smoke are also at a higher risk of respiratory illnesses, including asthma, tuberculosis, and chest infections. These conditions can significantly increase complications during childbirth, endangering both the mother and the baby. "Smoking can lead to the birth of underweight, mentally challenged, or even stillborn babies," she adds.
According to Dr. Shumaila, even non-pregnant women who smoke have a higher risk of developing life-threatening diseases such as cancer, stroke, reproductive system disorders, asthma, and diabetes. "These are lifelong conditions that require continuous treatment, care, and caution," she emphasizes.
Women who smoke and do not maintain a healthy diet are also at risk of malnutrition. "Nicotine reduces appetite, causing physical weakness and a compromised immune system. This makes them more susceptible to smoking-related diseases, which can even be fatal," she notes.
Dr. Shumaila advises all women to quit smoking for their health and the well-being of their children. "If you find it difficult to quit on your own, consult a specialist for appropriate treatment," she recommends.
